| API |
American
Petroleum Institute - issues standards for oil & gas industry |
| ASTM |
American
Society for Testing Materials - issues standards for line pipe |
| A53A, A53B,
A53F, A106 |
ASTM grades of
carbon steel pipe |
| bevel |
angle formed
between the prepared edge of the end of the tube and a plane
perpendicular to the surface. Standard line pipe bevel is 30
degrees. |
| billet |
round, solid
bar of steel which is pierced to form a seamless tube or pipe |
| black pipe |
denotes
lacquered OD finish (as opposed to bare or galvanized) |
| box |
internal (female) threaded end |
| Brinell |
hardness testing system which measures
indentation of the subject using a standard weight, shaped point |
| BTC |
buttress
threaded and coupled |
| bundle |
number of
pieces (same length) banded together for shipping. Height and
width is usually 1-2' but # varies with OD |
| burst |
internal
pressure at which a tube will yield - often tested hydrostatically |
| casing |
pipe used as a
structural retainer for the walls of a drilled hole |
| CAD |
computer aided
design |
| CAM |
computer aided
manufacturing |
| CNC |
computer
numerically controlled - refers to machinery |
| cold drawn |
pipe or tubing
which is pulled through a die to reduce diameter and wall. This
process usually produces closer tolerances and higher strength. |
| chamfer |
beveled end,
usually done as a preliminary operation to threading |
| coupling |
short piece
used to connect two lengths of pipe |
| CW |
continuous weld
- a method of producing small diameter pipe (1/2-4") |
| cft |
hundred foot
(sometimes used in pricing, i.e. $425.97/cft vs. $4.2597/ft.) |
| cwt |
hundred weight.
Often used in handling or trucking pricing, i.e. .30/cwt load out charge
or $1.65/cwt (freight) with a minimum such as 30,000#. |
| DRL |
double random
length - line pipe with a 35'+ average length |
| drift |
minimum ID
clearance verified by pulling a mandrel of known size through a length
of pipe |
| EMI |
electromagnetic
inspection - a method of determining wall thickness and detecting
imperfections in steel tubes |
| ERW |
electric
resistance weld - most common form of manufacture for pipe in sizes from
2 3/8-22" OD |
| EUE |
external upset
ends - forging of ends on (API) tubing and drill pipe to provide
additional thickness for strengthening connections |
| FOB |
free on board -
used to denote where pipe is to be provided to the buyer |
| flush joint |
connection with
male and female threads cut directly into the pipe (as opposed to
T&C). This provides the same ID and OD clearance as in the
middle of the tube, once lengths are joined. |
| FLD |
full length
drift (as opposed to "end drift") - usually performed as part
of used tubing or casing (OCTG) inspection |
| hardfacing |
abrasion-resistant metal applied by
welding (usually in strips) on the surface of softer material to
increase wear properties |
| hoist or lift plug |
pin-threaded sub with hook, eye or rod
on other end; used for picking up or laying down threaded pipe, casing
or rods. |
| ID |
inside diameter |
| joint |
one length of
pipe |
| LS |
limited service
- pipe not meeting specification, usually rejected at the mill |
| LT |
loaded trucks -
used in price quotation to indicate seller pays for handling |
| LTC |
long thread and
coupling (OCTG casing connection) |
| mid-weld |
two or more
joints welded to form a longer one |
| nipple |
short length of
pipe (<12") threaded on both ends |
| nominal |
pipe size or
wall thickness as specified (not actual). Sizes refer to approximate
ID, even though OD is the fixed dimension. |
| NUE |
non-upset end -
OCTG tubing description (not as common as EUE) |
| OCTG |
oil country
tubular goods - pipe made to API specifications |
| OD |
outside
diameter |
| PEB |
plain end
beveled |
| pin |
external (male) threaded end |
| protector |
plastic, steel
or composite cap to protect threads from handling damage |
| psi |
pounds per
square inch |
| range (R1, R2,
R3) |
lengths of OCTG
(see Technical Data link - dimensional tolerances) |
| Rockwell hardness |
relative resistance of a metal to
indentation by a diamond cone, as expressed in hardness-scale units (A,
B, C or G) |
| SAW |
submerged arc
weld - a method of producing very large OD pipe |
| schedule |
numbers
assigned to different wall thicknesses of pipe (i.e. sch. 40) |
| SEA |
special end
area - inspection to check for defects at either end of a steel tube
which is also being inspected electronically. (EMI misses the
ends.) |
| shoe |
sub sometimes run on bottom of casing
string with special metallurgy or design to help pipe to bottom through
tight or bridged spots in drill hole |
| skelp |
coiled strips
of plate steel used to produce welded seam pipe |
| smls. |
seamless - pipe
with no weld in the circumference |
| spec |
specification |
| SRL |
single random
length - line pipe with 17.5' minimum average length |
| STC |
short thread
and coupling (OCTG casing connection) |
| std. |
standard -
reference to wall thickness of line pipe (=sch. 40 for 1/8-10") |
| stencil |
identification
painted on pipe. Specification, size, wall, grade, test pressure,
method of manufacture and mill are usually indicated. |
| sub |
a short coupling with different types
and/or sizes of ends |
| T&C |
threaded and
coupled. Male (pin) threads are cut into the pipe and a coupling
provides female threads for both lengths being joined |
| T&D |
tested and
drifted - one method of verifying integrity of used tubing and casing (OCTG).
"Test" refers to hydrostatic: ends are sealed and water
pumped inside to a predetermined pressure. See drift def.
above. |
| tensile
strength |
rating of
steel's resistance to being pulled apart |
| tolerance |
specified allowance (plus or minus) of
the given dimension of a finished product due to inaccuracies in
manufacturing; usually quite small (thousandths of an inch or very small
percentage) and often part of a standard such as ASTM or API. |
| tool joint |
threaded tube,
usually thicker and harder, welded onto pipe to provide joint strength
and durability exceeding that of flush joint or T&C connections |
| victaulic joint |
grooves in the
ends of pipe accommodate a coupling |
| xhy |
extra heavy -
pipe about 50% thicker than standard (=sch. 80 for 1/8-8") |
| xxhy |
double extra
heavy - twice as thick as xhy for 1/2-6" |
| yield strength |
tensile stress
required to produce permanent elongation of a steel tube |
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